Prevention and treatment of tetanus in sheep
1. Cause
The disease is an acute, traumatic and toxic infectious disease that is zoonotic. The causative agent is Clostridium tetani, also known as Clostridium mydris. The disease is usually caused by a wound infection containing Clostridium tetani spores. When the wound is small and deep, necrosis occurs in the wound, or the wound is covered by soil, feces, crust, etc., the tissue in the wound is severely damaged, bleeding, foreign body, or in the case of mixed infection of aerobic bacteria, Clostridium tetani can Growth and development, produce toxins, cause disease. Sheep are often infected due to skin trauma, castration of rams, delivery of ewes, and improper handling of fetuses.
Two, symptoms
The incubation period is generally 5 to 15 days. The initial symptoms are not obvious, often manifested as stiffness of the limbs, lack of energy, sluggishness, difficulty in movement, reflexes (especially when lying down), clenched teeth, salivation and spitting, eating difficulties, and often mild constipation Bulge. The sudden noise can cause muscle spasms and cause the sick sheep to fall to the ground. In the late course of the disease, death was caused by respiratory suffocation, especially the high mortality of lambs.
3. Prevention
Tetanus toxoid can better prevent this disease. For the prevention of lambs, it is more appropriate to inject tetanus toxoid in late pregnancy.
Wound treatment: effective antiseptic and disinfection treatment for infected wounds, thoroughly draining pus, foreign bodies, necrotic tissues and crusts, etc., and disinfecting the wound with disinfectant. Combined with penicillin and streptomycin, it is injected around the wound to remove the source of tetanus toxin. At the same time, attention should be paid to the disinfection of instruments and surgical sites when lambs are broken, rams are castrated, and ewes are delivered.
In the early application of tetanus serum (tetanus antitoxin), a sufficient amount (200 to 800,000 units) can be used at a time, or the total dosage can be divided into 2 to 3 injections. Subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection is acceptable, or half of it can be injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly, and half can be injected intravenously.
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