Design Requirements and Standards for Free Lying Cows
Nowadays, large-scale dairy farms use free-standing stalls, intelligent management facilities, TMR, milking parlors and other techniques to raise cows. Therefore, it is common to install free-standing stalls when constructing dairy farms. According to the survey, the application of free lying stalls for dairy cows can not only increase the utilization rate of dairy cows, reduce the land occupied by the construction of the cattle farm, but also facilitate the management and cleaning of the cows, improve the efficiency of cattle raising, and reduce the incidence of dairy cow mastitis. However, if you want to achieve these good feeding effects, you need to make a reasonable installation design for the free lying fence.
1. Design requirements for free lying bars
The cow free lying pen is composed of two parts: a barrier and a cow bed. There are two main types of barriers in structure: cantilever and support. The cantilever type is directly fixed on the front column or the front wall, which is convenient for construction and easy to organize the cow mattress material. The support type requires front support and rear support, and concrete pouring support legs are required for construction. During use, the support legs of the horizontal railings are easily corroded, and colleagues are also not conducive to movement and repeated use. In the current domestic and foreign cattle farms, the metal cantilever is more popular. In the actual dairy farm, the design requirements of free lying stalls are as follows:
1, Good comfort. While meeting the requirements of production management, imitate the environment of the grass as much as possible, the surface is soft, clean and flat, the width is appropriate, the front should be left with sufficient forward space, the cow can stretch its legs forward when standing, and move the head and neck when lying down Without any restriction, the head can be bent to one side of the body to rest. The legs, udders, and tail can be on the cow bed. Defecation and urination should be discharged to the feces removal channel outside the cow bed, without or less polluting the cow bed.
2, Moderate height, easy to clean manure. The height of the rear edge (retaining wall) of the cow bed should not be too high, otherwise it will easily cause the cows to fear, but when it is too low, it will easily be contaminated during manure removal. The height of the rear edge generally depends on the method of manure removal. Manure method can choose 20cm height; use water to wash manure should be increased to 25-30cm height; tractor clean manure and cow barn length is too long, should consider the method of segmented cleaning, increasing the number of manure removal, the height of the trailing edge should be 20 -30cm.
2. the design standard of free lying bar
1, Install the cow free lying pen as shown in the above picture, and then place bedding under the free lying pen. The bedding can be engineering sand, clean hay, dry biogas residue, etc. The thickness of the bedding is not less than 12cm (general requirements) 15-20cm), rubber sponge pad can also be used. The bedding is required to be soft, dry, strong in water absorption, free from breeding conditions for mastitis pathogens, not to cause joint wear, low cost, and easy to maintain.
2, Dig a defecation channel on the ground below the tail of the freely lying cow body. The channel opening is facing the cow buttocks. The channel opening is covered with a dung leakage floor to facilitate the cow dung to enter the dung passage directly from the dung leakage board. The cattle farm is cleaned every day.
After designing and using the free sleeping stalls of the cattle farm, you should also pay attention to its management. Here we need to remind everyone: pay attention to cleaning the dung at the back of the stall every day, as well as the soaked or contaminated bedding, and timely repair the damaged ones. Compartment, observe the behavior of cows in order to adjust the equipment in time. It is recommended to level the bedding once a day, supplement the bedding 1-2 times a week, and adjust the bed slope once a month.
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