Dairy goat breeding technology
Dairy goat is a kind of goat that is used for milk. It is an excellent breed after highly selective breeding and breeding. It has the characteristics of high milk production, fast reproduction, strong disease resistance, and easy breeding. As goat milk becomes more and more popular in the market, dairy goat breeding has become one of the fastest ways to get rich. So, how to raise dairy goats and what are the breeding techniques? Let's take a look together below:
1. Selection of varieties
Varieties and individuals vary greatly in milk production. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the Saanen variety, Laoshan variety or their descendants with high milk production. Body shape and appearance require head length, neck length, torso length, leg length, body height, agility, vigor and robustness.
2. Raising young sheep
Newborn lambs are required to eat enough colostrum, which has high nutritional value, is easy to digest and absorbs, and has immunity and disease resistance. At the same time, it has a certain impact on the growth and production performance of the lamb. For lambs from birth to 4 days old, whole milk is the main feed, 4 times a day. From 40 days to 80 days of age, milk juice and forage can be fed together, and a small amount of salt and bone broth can be added. The forage should be palatable, good quality and easy to digest. 80-120-day-old is mainly fodder, with a small amount of supplementary milk. Sheep after weaning at 120 days of age are mainly raised on forage with a small amount of supplementary feed.
3. Reproduction technology
The reproduction of goats is seasonal, most concentrated in autumn. Generally, they can be bred when they grow to 12 months to 14 months of age. The gestation period is 114 to 159 days, with an average of 150 days.
4. feeding during lactation
a. Early lactation. The first 20 days after delivery of the ewe is the early lactation and recovery period. The postpartum physique of dairy goats is weak, the burden of many lambs during pregnancy is too heavy, the abdomen is empty after childbirth, and the birth canal has not fully recovered. If exercise is not enough, the abdomen and the bottom of the breast often have edema. This stage is mainly to restore the physique of the dairy goat. For high-yielding sheep with breast edema, massage and heat the breasts for about 3 minutes after 3 days after birth. Massage and heat the breast 3 to 4 times a day until the ewe's breast edema disappears. Ewes will feel hungry after giving birth, so they should be fed easy-to-digest feed for dairy goats instead of a large amount of legume feed. When feeding, you should give less frequently and gradually increase the feeding amount. In order to supplement the ewes' physical exhaustion and water loss, they should drink more clean water. When the body of the lamb ewe returns to normal after 7 days, you can feed more green storage and green feed to meet the needs of milk production. After two weeks, return to the normal concentrate feeding amount. If the ewe has a bad appetite after two weeks, pulls soft manure, loose manure, and has a special smell in the manure, you should not rush to increase the amount of concentrate feed, otherwise it will cause food stagnation. , The milder affects the ewe’s milk production, the severer harms the ewe’s lifelong digestive ability.
b. The prime of lactation. Twenty days after the ewes gave birth to lambs, their physique gradually recovered, the mammary glands became more active, and the ewes entered the period of lactation. At this stage, the ewes' physical strength has been fully recovered, and the ewes should be given the best feed and carefully raised to give full play to their lactation potential, quickly reach the peak of lactation, and make the ewes high and stable production. Due to the continuous increase in lactation, various nutrients accumulated in the body are rapidly lost, and the body weight has decreased. At this time, the ewe should be added with lactotroph, and the feed should be palatable and diversified. During the peak production period of dairy goats, the amount of feed should be adjusted according to changes in body weight and milk production. Sudden changes in feeding methods should be avoided as much as possible, and efforts should be made to stabilize the duration of milk production of ewes**. Once the milk production declines, it is difficult to return to the peak of milk production.
c. Mid-lactation. Refers to the 121st to 200th day after delivery of dairy goats. During this period, milk production began to decline, dropping by about 6% per month. Milk goats begin to recover the body fat lost during milk production at the peak of lactation. At this time, the concentrated feed should be gradually reduced according to the nutritional status, and the ratio of concentrated feed to high-quality forage is 35:65. And increase exercise and drinking water.
d. Late lactation. Refers to 201 to 240 days after delivery. During this period of time, milk production gradually decreases, so the amount of concentrated feed should be gradually reduced to prevent the milk goats from gaining weight too fast. However, the reduction of concentrated feed should not be too rapid, otherwise it will accelerate the reduction of lactation.
5. milking
Before each milking, scrub the breasts with hot water. The number of milkings should be determined according to the amount of milk. Daily milk production is less than 3 kg milking twice, and milk production is 5 kg milking 3 times.
6. timely dry milk
When the milk goats have been lactating for nearly 10 months, their milk production has gradually decreased. At this time, dry milk must be carried out so that the ewes can recover their body condition and ensure the development of the fetus in the ewes and the milk production in the next lactation period. Increase the birth weight of the lamb. The purpose of dry milk can be achieved by reducing the number of concentrates, juicy feed, drinking water and milking.
You can also use a cow visual insemination gun to increase the success rate of artificial insemination.
For more farming information, please follow Sheep&Cattle Farming .
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